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Sophia Ip Pek Ian

Reason why Mr Obama hold a Facebook conference? Because it allows more interaction with people, as well as he could listen to the young people. So it is a way to connect with people.

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Website Vs Blog - Website is more restricted, when it is needed to change something, a complicated change has to be made. On the other hand, it is easier to change the content of the blog. - Blog allows interaction and discussion. Website only delivers message or information.

- Social media links the book to the bigger or larger website, such as to its main publisher. YouTube is easy to found and makes easy to be popular. - Ikea uses Facebook as marketing. They upload the categlogy, from catelogy people can tag themselves and get the product free. - People can suscrible the YouTube video, so that they know when there is any update video. They guy also answer questions directly. Starbucks starts discussion with the man so that they can be linked from the website and they can benefit from this. - Luzern Tourism put the banner on the first page, ask whether they like or not, which links to Tripadvisor, it is a large website which tourists always review. - Social Media Manager is a new profession. He has to communicate with the social media website, somebody who likes the social media websites, have a lot of friends or interaction with those websites.

__**Social Media**__ Social media affects the ongoing unrest in the Arabic world that news and information are spread very fast through the internet. I have researched that the Google executive who launched the Facebook page said to have sparked the original protest, has been making the rounds online: “If you want to liberate a country, give them the Internet.” So, it seems that Twitter, Facebook and YouTube speed the process of protests in Egypt. There has been some backlash about the use of social media, with some pundits calling it a 'Facebook Revolutin', as without Facebook this would not be happening. Although social media may not make the revolution, but they did make the revolution happen in an international public forum, which makes pressure to the regime. So, social media is only a tool for the unrest, but a tool that makes it easier and quicker.

Since social media allows people to share and discuss, it affects the tourism industry greatly. It is always said that word-of-mouth is very important as people are affected by what the others say and they believe on the past experience. So, through social media, tourists can share about their experience such as destination, hotels and transportation. These can be done not only by words but only with photos, for example through Facebook or Twitter. It is very normal that when a person saw some very nice photo about a hotel in Thailand from Facebook, when he has to travel to Thailand one day, he will ask the owner of the photos about that hotel and will probably choose in that hotel because he also wants to have that experience. Moreover, nowadays, it is very common that hospitality companies make advertisement on the social media like Facebook. They promote their companies or discount as to attract more customers. Some companies even create an 'Event' on Facebook about their promotion. They state that people who click 'attending' can enjoy the promotion. But in fact, it is a way to attract people to read more about the promotion and once people click 'attending', this message would be shown on the 'wall' of that person and all the friends of that person can see this message. So, it becomes a way to spread the news and letting more people to know about this. So, social media affects tourism industry in the way that it affects the delivering of message, the decision of consumers, the buyer behaviour and the repurchasing decisions.

Nowadays, Web2.0 becomes part of many people's life. It is the current trend that people socialize through Web2.0, basically, they express their opinions, receive information and share their thoughts. As a student, I agree that I am active in Web2.0 in the way that I am a user of the social networking sites and I write blogs. It seems the social networking sites such as Facebook, has become part of my life. It seems that if I do not check Facebook for 1 or 2 days, I am outdated and cannot catch up with my friends. So, Facebook allows me to get connected with my friends, get the latest information such as from the posting of the school, I can also express my feeling there and upload pictures. So, it seems with Facebook, the distance problem is reduced, for instance, my family can always know what am I doing recently in Switzerland. Therefore, Web2.0 plays an important role in my life, but of course, I am always careful about the what I post and share, because it is an opened source, many people can view and read, so we should always try to avoid breaking the regulation or involve other people's privacy.

__**Comparison of Metatags and Keywords:**__ My favourite restaurant in my country Hong Kong is Mi-Ne Sushi. It is a Japanese restaruant and the owner is from Japan. It has six branches in Hong Kong. What makes this brand famous is the quality of the food as they are transported from Japan and they are very fresh. The website of Mi-Ne Sushi is: [] The meta description of this website is a Japanese sentence: 香港で展開する人気の回転寿司!「本当においしいものを届けたい」という想いを込めてみなさまをお待ちしております There is no meta keyword of this website.

On the other hand, if I search in Google with 'Hong Kong Japanese restaurant', the restaurant which comes up on the first page is 'Inagiku Japanese Restaurant' which is inside the Four Season Hotel. The website of Inagiku is: [] The meta description of this website is all in Chinese: 香港 四季酒店 - 餐厅及酒廊 : 稻菊日本料理 源自著名的东京稻菊日本料理的原创厨艺，香港稻菊日本餐厅的行政总厨Imai Masakazu ，由著名的天妇罗到每一款经典和风美食，包括怀石料理、刺身、寿司以至铁板烧，都尽心尽意地去演绎优雅的日本文化. 这里有4个贵宾厅，每间都备有铁板烧；无论置身开放式的寿司天妇罗吧或品尝铁板烧，一边吃一边欣赏厨师们精湛的烹调艺术，绝对是一大享受. , which means in English: Four Season Hotel, Lounge, different kinds of Japanese food, enjoyable, culinary art in Hong Kong. The meta keywords are all in Chinese as well: 香港 四季酒店 餐厅及酒廊 稻菊日本料理 ɦ�港 ś�季酒店 ɤ�厅及酒廊 Ǩ�菊日本料理, which means: Hong Kong Four Season Hotel, Bar & Lounge, Japanese Restaurant.

So, these comparison shows the difference and importance of having meta description and meta keywords. Actaully, the Mi-Ne Sushi is a very famous restaurant while the Inagiku is a less-known and more expensive restaurant. But by having a effective meta description and meta keywords, it makes people who are looking for Japanese restaurant in Hong Kong easier to search on the internet, so web marketing is very important nowadays as it affects the congnition and sales of the company. So, in my opinion, the website of Mi-Ne Sushi is very attractive for the people who already know or hear about it. But they should improve the meta description and meta keywords so that more people can seach and easily find it on the seach engines as to increase the reputation and the sales of the business.

__**Class Note:**__

- Monitor competitors - Learn from competitors (global, local, similar business) Check keywords/metatags/ tags - Check out trend - [|www.alexa.com] - Metatags: - Page --> view source --> meta (Google reads this and try to understand what the website is about, this appears as the description under the Google research, it is important as it shows the difference between each website, people can see the description so as to compare which fits their needs

- Keywords: for common search (eg, when a student searches for a hotel school in Switzerland, what will he type and search on Google? What possibility?) But why not put millions of keywords? Because Google does not like so many keywords, it will not run or even block the website. If Google finds out put the other competitors’ name or put some keywords that are not relevant or not relate to the business, Google can block it. So what to do to put more keywords? Make more landing pages. - Google Trends show how popular or how many people are looking for a term on Google. - Think about the languages (can make a specific language landing page) - Think about how popular the keyword is (the word ‘hotel’ is too board, it does not make sense to use this as search for a school) - I page 7to 12 keywords a maximum - Tagging - TagCrowd - Linking - In Google, search: Link:www.xyz.com - Get into Wikipedia - Paid banner ads - Google ads- pay only when it is clicked (pay per click)- measurable, instant,targetted - If want to have ads in Baidu, make a blog and link to IMI - Headline & link to site (2 characters max) - Description lines 1 & 2 (35 characters max) - Web address (35 characters max)

__**How to Build a Website?**__ __Step 1 - Hosting:__ Hosting is a place where the website and all the Web pages are put. While it's possible to build a website on a personal computer and never move it online, it's somewhat pointless. So the first thing to do is find a Web hosting provider. There are several types of Web hosting: Most people gravitate to free Web hosting without too much thought, but there can be drawbacks to free hosting. there are not much space, it might be required to run their ads on the site, or there may be bandwidth limits. Be sure to read all the fine print before a website on a free Web host. Free hosting providers is recommended for testing Web pages and for personal pages.
 * Free Web hosts
 * Standard Web hosting
 * Dedicated, Virtual, and Shared Hosting

__Step 2 - Is a Domain Name needed?:__ A domain name is not needed to put up a website. It ca be put up a site on free hosting or even paid hosting plans without a domain name. A domain name provides extra branding for the site and makes it easier for people to remember the URL. But domain names cost money, typically between $8 and $35 a year.

__Step 3 - Plan the Website:__ Once a domain is gotten and URL is decided, plannig can start: If repage types are recognized, it can be able to recognize the type of pages needed for the site.
 * Type of site - Most websites are either news/information, product, or reference sites. As such they each have a slightly different focus.
 * Navigation - The navigation affects the information architecture of the site.
 * Content- Content is the actual pages it needs to be built.

__Step 4 - Build Website Page by Page:__ Building a website requires to work on one page at a time. To build a site it should be familiar with:
 * Design Basics- The elements of good design and and how to use it on websites.
 * Learning HTML- HTML is the building block of a Web page. While it's not absolutely required, it will be better if the HTML is learnt.
 * Learning CSS- CSS is the building block of how pages look. And learning CSS will make it easier to change the site's look when it is needed to.
 * Web Page Editors- Finding the perfect editor for the needs will help to learn design, HTML, and CSS.

__Step 5 - Publish the Website:__ Publishing the website is a matter of getting the pages created in step 4 up to the hosting provider which set up in step 1. It can be done with either the tools that come with the hosting service or with FTP clients. Knowing which can use depends upon the hosting provider.

__Step 6 - Promote the Website:__ The easiest way to promote the website is through search engine optimization or SEO. The Web content is built so that it ranks well in search engines. This can be very difficult, but it is inexpensive and can result in good results if you work at it. Other ways to promote the site include: word of mouth, email, and advertising. URL should be included on all professional correspondence and whenever it makes sense in personal messages.

__Step 7 - Maintain the Website:__ Maintenance can be the most boring part of website design, but in order to keep the site going well and looking good, It is needed to do it. Testing the site as building it and then after it's been live for a while is important. And content development on a regular basis should be worked on.

__**Class Note:**__ __Building a website__ Server (Server software, free via Joomla) Typo3, JSAS html, flash (asp, phh --> database website) mysql- database

How to build a website? 1. Hosting a. self/ foreign (if foreign: select hosting provider: free web hosts ((careful about advertising)) standard web hosting dedicated web hosting virtual web hosting shared web hosting

2. Domain Name a. do yo need an own domain name?/ subdomain? b. how to get your own domain? Registration of URL (Uniform Resource Locator) (IP)

3. Plan Your Website a. Type of site (html, asp, php, wit or without database, open source (Joomla), paid programs: Dreamweaver, etc)

4. Build Your Website a. design basics b. learning html c. learning CSS d. webpage editors

5. Publish the Website

6. Promotion/ Marketing. Maintainance

__**Types of Web hosting**__ Dedicated hosting service also named as dedicated server, or managed hosting service, is a type of internet hosting﻿ in which the client leases an entire server not shared with anyone. A dedicated server is a powerful computer that is used solely as a network server; a single computer in a network reserved for network needs. It refers to the rental and exclusive use of a computer and it provides services for only one account or domain name.
 * __Dedicated (Web) Hosting – Definition__**

__Advantages__ Dedicated web hosting is beneficial while developing a complex business or a high-end e-commerce site as you will need more space and security - a web server dedicated to your business. A company purchases it when they want more control of their server. They purchase or rent the hardware from the hosting company who then normally support and manage it. Internet connectivity is provided to the server, in many cases over 10 or 100 Mb/s Ethernet. Dedicated servers are most often housed in datacenters, similar to co-location facilities, providing redundant power sources and HVAC systems. The financial benefit with cheap dedicated server hosting is huge: large initial investments are not needed.

__Disadvantages__ Cost of Hosting - The additional investment for dedicated servers, as compared for the cost of using a shared server, is the biggest negative for most web masters. Of course, however, a dedicated web hosting solution is more pricey because of the additional features, and the fact that the webmaster gains the security, reliability, and flexibility that is present with a dedicated solution. Dedicated Server Management - The management aspect of dedicated server hosting, depending on the type of operating system chosen and the amount of the hosting knowledge of the webmaster, can be a stumbling block. It is important to have the necessary skills to manage a dedicated server correctly, if an un-managed solution is being chosen. If the skill-set isn't available to self-manage the server, consider a managed dedicated server hosting solution. Operating System Operation and Flexibilty - At some point, reinstalling the operating system on the server may be necessary. This may be due to unforeseen damage or corruption. Shared hosting and managed dedicated hosting doesn't have this issue, since it can be solved easily by the webmaster or by the company managing the server. Compared to the other hosting, dedicated hosting is more flexible than shared hosting.

__**Standard (Web) hosts - Definition**__ Is playing an important role in order to building and publish a website online. The Web host stores all the pages of the websites and it will transfer them from computers to the internet. In order to make a website works, first of all you need a Domain Name, such as “nike.com” or “Samsung.com”, is actually linked to a specific computer. When someday wants to access the Domain Name that you created into the browsers address field, it will automatically located the IP address and web site is loaded from the Web host you made.

Anywhere can find a Web host from one to more than thousand PC that run Web host software, for examples like, Windows Server, Apache or OS X Server. Most of the Websites which display on the Web are accessed by a “share host”. which is a single computer that can host several hundred Web sites. Larger websites often use a "dedicated host," which is a single machine that hosts only one website. Sites with extremely high amounts of traffic, such as apple.com or microsoft.com, use several computers to host one site.

If you want to publish your own website, you'll need to sign up for a "Web hosting service." Finding a good Web host shouldn't be too hard, since their are thousands available. Just make sure the Web host you choose offers good technical support and ensures little or no downtime. You'll usually have to pay a monthly fee that varies depending on how much disk space and bandwidth your site will use. So it's a good idea to estimate how big your site will be and how much traffic you expect before signing up for a Web hosting service.

__Advantages for the web host and clients__ § Staff can post announcements in the forum, such about outages, which clients can read even if their email isn't working (as long as the forum isn't on the same server as clients' sites). § Clients can help each other with questions about hosting (e.g., about email setup or problems) and save your support staff time. § Clients can help each other with web development questions and provide feedback on each other's sites. § Clients can read answers to previous questions that they may also have and thus get answers faster without asking the same questions again. § The company owner and staff can interact with clients in a forum atmosphere, develop better working relationships, and have fun together. Advantages for the web host § A site with an active forum has more content and active content for bots to index, so it'll appear more often in search results (if the forum is public). § Active forums develop a sense of community, and clients or more likely to feel loyal to a community than to a faceless company.

__Disadvantages for the web host__ § If the forum isn't active, it'll look bad for your company. Having no forum is better than having a dead forum. § A forum takes ongoing time and work. Once it's built up, you still need to take part regularly. You also need to moderate the forum for spam and misplaced posts. § Not everyone is comfortable with handling criticism in public. Some posts will be negative about your services. If you remove those posts, members will notice and perhaps comment on your actions elsewhere. If you don't handle the criticism well, you'll look bad too. § A forum won't appeal to all clientele. All your work may be wasted if your clients aren't interested in interacting with each other online. § Not everyone makes a good impression in forum interactions, including some web hosts and staff. Technical skills and social skills don't necessarily go together. Disadvantages for clients and prospective clients § Some clients prefer asking for support on a helpdesk than in a forum. If the forum is the only support avenue, some people will go elsewhere. § If clients have to check the forum for updates and they don't frequent forums, they won't appreciate the extra step for them.

__**Shared (Web) hosting - Definition**__ Shared web hosting is the most popular web hosting solution for Webmasters. Shared web hosting permits many websites to be hosted on the same web hosting server. Server maintenance is provided by the web hosting provider and every user manages their websites by a web hosting control panel. Shared web hosting is a solution for web hosting providers to offer affordable web hosting to their clients. Shard web hosting is cheap because the overhead cost is shared by hundred of users on the same web hosting server.

__Advantage__ - Low price as the price is shared by other users - Reliable and credible - Fast connection, quality server administration, effective and efficient control panel

__Disadvantage__ - They do not properly support secure websites (HTTPS). All name-based virtual hosts using the same IP address must share the same digital certificate. - If the Domain Name System is malfunctioning, it is harder to use a name-based virtually-hosted website. - They will not work with browsers that do not send the hostname as part of requests.

Price: range from $3.95/mo to $12.95/mo (mainly difference on disk space, bandwidth, Mysql DB)

__**Virtual (web) Hosting**__ -Virtual Hosting is the method to divide one physical server to several virtual servers by using partitioning program and provide the authority of Root and OS to each virtual server. It allows a computer using a single IP address to share its resources and use multiple domain names each.

__Advantage__

– Each server users could be operating and composing memory and processors cycles for their purposes separately on server setting OS, network and Root at base. It could provide users virtual server with cheaper price and to use its main server more efficiently.

__Disadvantage__

– It is possible to be slow down the speed of system, upon other virtual server increases the amount of using server to operate system since they are sharing one server physically.